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61.
62.
Inna P. Solyanikova Andrej L. Mulyukin Natalja E. Suzina Galina I. El-Registan Ludmila A. Golovleva 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):638-647
The goals of the present work were as follows: to obtain the dormant forms of R. opacus 1cp; to study the phenotypic variability during their germination; to compare phenotypic variants during the growth on selective and elective media; and to reveal changes in the ability of the strain to destruct xenobiotics that had not been degradable before dormancy. It was shown that Rhodococcus opacus 1cp (the strain degrading chlorinated phenols) became able to utilize a broader spectrum of xenobiotics after storage in the dormant state. Germination of the dormant forms of R. opacus 1cp on an agarized medium was followed by emergence and development of phenotypic variants that could grow on 4-chlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol without adaptation. The cells of R. opacus 1cp phenotypic variants also utilized all of the tested chlorinated phenols: 2,3-, 2,5-, and 2,6-dichloro-, 2,3,4- and 2,4,5-trichloro-, pentachlorophenol, and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene in concentrations up to 60 mg/L, though at the lower rates than 4-CP and 2,4,6-TCP. The improved degradation of chlorinated phenols by R. opacus strain 1cp exposed to the growth arrest conditions demonstrates the significance of dormancy for further manifestation of the adaptive potential of populations. A new principle of selection of variants with improved biodegradative properties was proposed. It embraces introduction of the dormancy stage into the cell life cycle with subsequent direct inoculation of morphologically different colonies into the media with different toxicants, including those previously not degraded by the strain. 相似文献
63.
Pamornrat Kueseng Mathieu L. Noir Bo Mattiasson Panote Thavarungkul Proespichaya Kanatharana 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):772-780
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for atrazine was synthesized by non-covalent method. The binding capacity of MIP was 1.00 mg g? 1 polymer. The selectivity and recovery were investigated with various pesticides which are mostly, found in the environment, for both similar and different chemical structure of atrazine. The competitive recognition between atrazine and structurally similar compounds was evaluated and it was found that the system provided highest recovery and selectivity for atrazine while low recovery and selectivity were obtained for the other compounds. The highest recovery was obtained from MIP compared with non-imprinted polymer (NIP), a commercial C18 and a granular activated carbon (GAC) sorbent. The method provided high recoveries ranged from 94 to 99% at two spiked levels with relative standard deviations less than 2%. The lower detection limit of the method was 80 ng L? 1. This method was successfully applied for analysis of environmental water samples. 相似文献
64.
R. Gamberini D. Del Buono F. Lolli B. Rimini 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(11):2532-2540
The definition and utilisation of engineering indexes in the field of Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) is an issue of interest for technicians and scientists, which is widely discussed in literature. Specifically, the availability of consolidated engineering indexes is useful when new waste collection services are designed, along with when their performance is evaluated after a warm-up period. However, most published works in the field of MSWM complete their study with an analysis of isolated case studies. Conversely, decision makers require tools for information collection and exchange in order to trace the trends of these engineering indexes in large experiments. In this paper, common engineering indexes are presented and their values analysed in virtuous Italian communities, with the aim of contributing to the creation of a useful database whose data could be used during experiments, by indicating examples of MSWM demand profiles and the costs required to manage them. 相似文献
65.
Benjamin Erable Isabelle GoubetAmira Seltana Thierry Maugard 《Journal of environmental management》2009
Traditional biological removal processes are limited by the low solubility of halogenated compounds in aqueous media. A new technology appears very suitable for the remediation of these volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Solid/gas bio-catalysis applied in VOC remediation can transform halogenated compounds directly in the gas phase using dehydrated cells as a bio-catalyst. 相似文献
66.
67.
为了控制污水脱氮中N2O排放,在不同曝气强度下研究了好氧硝化段同时硝化反硝化(SND)系统的N2O排放特性,并采用PCR—DGGE技术分析微生物群落特征。结果发现,随着曝气强度的增强,系统总氮去除率下降,但脱氮中N2O—N所占比例则上升,实验中从低到高3个曝气强度下,总氮去除率分别为80.01%、65.28%和58.62%,脱氮中N2O—N所占的比例为1.89%、7.84%和9.20%。PCR—DGGE分析显示,和低曝气强度下相比中、高曝气强度下系统微生物群落发生明显变化,但中曝气强度和高曝气强度下系统微生物群落表现出较高相似性。这表明,不同曝气强度下系统N2O排放受到氮素转化和微生物群落变化的影响。适宜曝气强度不仅提高总氮去除率,还可有效控制N2O排放。 相似文献
68.
研究了顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用测定饮用水中二甲基异冰片和土味素的方法。结果表明,当选用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)萃取纤维萃取头,萃取温度为60℃,萃取时间为40min时,得到二甲基异冰片标准曲线方程为y=122.59+157.76x,相关系数(R)0.9998;土味素的标准曲线方程为y=14.847+180.99x,相关系数(R)0.9999;检出限为0.1ng/L,相对标准偏差在0.99%~4.05%之间,加标回收率86.4%~109.5%。 相似文献
69.
采用盐析分相微萃取—高效液相色谱法同时测定水中3种含氯除草剂,建立并优化了反相离子对液相色谱条件,考察了萃取剂种类、盐析剂的种类和加入量及试样pH对萃取效果的影响。对氯苯氧乙酸、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和2,4-滴丁酯的质量浓度在0.1~100.0mg/L内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数不低于0.9992。平均回收率分别为96.29%、79.16%和70.21%,相对标准偏差小于5.3%。该方法操作简便、绿色环保,适合于水中含氯除草剂的测定。 相似文献
70.
《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5-6):757-764
Abstract A laboratory pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of amending soil with four different sources of organic matter on the degradation rate of α and β endosulfan isomers. Poultry by-product meal, poultry manure, dairy manure, and municipal solid waste compost were cured, dried, ground (<1 mm) and thoroughly mixed with a calcareous soil at a rate of 2% and placed in plastic pots. Endosulfan was added at the rate of 20 mg kg?1. The moisture level was kept near field capacity and the pots were kept at room temperature. Soil sub-samples, 100 g each, were collected from every pot at days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 43, and 57 for the measurement of endosulfan isomers. Endosulfan residues were extracted from the soil samples with acetone. The supernatant was filtered through anhydrous sodium sulphate, 5 mL aliquot was diluted to 25 mL with hexane, mixed well, and then two sub-samples from the filtrates were analyzed for α and β endosulfan isomers by gas chromatography. The results indicated that the half-life (T ½) of α-endosulfan in the poultry by-product meal treatment was 15 days compared to about 22 days in the other treatments. The T ½ of β-endosulfan was 22 days in the poultry by-product meal treatment and followed a bi-phasic pattern, 57 days in the municipal solid waste compost treatment and the extrapolated T ½ was about 115 days for the other three treatments. 相似文献